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化工学报  2015 

磷酸一铵对硝酸铵危险特性的影响

DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20141017, PP. 1996-2002

Keywords: 硝酸铵,爆炸,安全,实验验证

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Abstract:

为了研究磷酸一铵(MAP)对硝酸铵爆炸性的抑制作用及其影响机理,利用联合国隔板试验和克南试验研究了改性硝酸铵传播爆轰的能力和在封闭条件下对强加热作用的敏感性,同时采用DSC试验研究了改性硝酸铵热分解特性。联合国隔板试验的结果表明:不同混合工艺的改性硝酸铵试验结果一致,当MAP含量达到25%时,试验结果为“-”,即改性硝酸铵将不再具备传播爆轰的能力。克南试验结果表明:当MAP含量达到30%时,改性硝酸铵-1的试验结果为“-”;当MAP含量达到25%时,改性硝酸铵-2的结果为“-”,即样品在封闭条件下对强加热作用不敏感。DSC的结果表明:改性硝酸铵-1的初始热分解温度比工业硝酸铵低,改性硝酸铵-2的初始热分解温度较高,采用机械混合法更有利于提高MAP对硝酸铵的钝化作用。

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