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化工学报  2015 

非离子型聚醚改性三硅氧烷表面活性剂的合成表征及性能

DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20141831, PP. 2181-2188

Keywords: 非离子,表面活性剂,有机硅,硅氢加成,水解性能,响应面法

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Abstract:

选用EO(环氧乙烷ethyleneoxide)链长为7~8,平均相对分子质量为380的烯丙醇聚氧烷羟基醚(PE-38)和1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷(MDHM)为原料,通过无溶剂聚合,在氮气保护下经Karstedt催化剂催化硅氢加成反应制备了非离子型聚醚改性三硅氧烷表面活性剂(NTS),并通过傅里叶红外光谱仪和质子核磁共振仪验证了其结构。采用响应面法对合成工艺进行了优化,确定了NTS的最佳合成条件为:n(C=C):n(Si—H)=0.93,反应温度为94℃,催化剂用量为6.4mg·kg-1,在反应时间为2h下,经3次重复试验所得产品的平均表面张力为18.417mN·m-1,与理论预测值基本相符。测试了产物NTS0.1%(质量分数)的水溶液在pH为4、7和10的水溶液中的水解性能,发现该产物在酸性和碱性条件下可稳定存放30d左右,在中性条件下可稳定存放60d左右。

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