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化工学报  2015 

聚丙烯酸改性凹土对Pb2+、Ni2+和Cr3+的选择性吸附

DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20141244, PP. 618-625

Keywords: 凹土,聚丙烯酸,重金属离子,吸附,选择性,热力学,动力学

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Abstract:

通过凹土的表面功能化开发高性能低成本的吸附材料,采用溶液聚合法在其表面接枝聚丙烯酸,制备出聚丙烯酸/凹土吸附材料(PAA/ATP),系统考察了PAA/ATP对Pb2+、Ni2+和Cr3+三元混合体系的吸附性能。结果表明:PAA/ATP复合吸附材料的有机物接枝率为14.1%,其结构中出现聚丙烯酸的特征官能团;PAA/ATP吸附Pb2+的动力学符合拟二级动力学,即化学吸附是速率控制步骤,说明PAA/ATP对Pb2+的吸附是一个有化学作用的过程,吸附过程与Pb2+和吸附剂PAA/ATP表面官能团之间的电子转移或电子共用有关;PAA/ATP对Pb2+的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温模型;PAA/ATP对Pb2+、Ni2+和Cr3+的竞争吸附能力依次为Pb2+>Cr3+>Ni2+,即对Pb2+具有较好的选择性吸附。

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