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化工学报  2013 

取代基及中心金属离子对卟啉电子结构及催化活性的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.z1.013, PP. 88-97

Keywords: 卟啉,计算化学,电子结构,催化,活性

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Abstract:

通过调变取代基及中心金属离子种类调控金属卟啉的微观分子结构和宏观性质与功能是设计高活性、高选择性的金属卟啉催化剂的关键及富有挑战性的课题。取代基和中心金属离子对金属卟啉电子结构性质的影响研究可为金属卟啉催化剂的精确设计提供重要的理论依据。采用基于密度泛函理论计算化学方法系统地研究了不同取代基(—OCH3、—CH3、—H、—NO2)及中心金属离子(Mn、Fe、Co、Cu、Zn)对卟啉电子结构性质的影响,试图从本质上理解金属卟啉微观结构和宏观催化性能的关系。结果表明,吸电子基—NO2总是降低金属卟啉的最高占据轨道(HOMO)和最低未占据轨道(LUMO)能级,而供电子基—CH3和—OCH3总是升高金属卟啉的HOMO和LUMO能级。变价金属(Mn、Fe、Co)卟啉的前线分子轨道主要由金属离子的3d轨道组成,有利于活化分子氧。不变价金属(Cu、Zn)卟啉的前线分子轨道的成分为卟啉配体形成的大π键,电子流动性好,故不变价金属也有较高的催化活性。Fukui函数分析表明变价金属卟啉的活性中心位于中心金属离子,而不变价金属卟啉的活性中心可能在卟啉配体上。

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