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核农学报  2011 

Bt水稻杀虫蛋白时空变化及秸秆还田后在土壤中的持留规律

, PP. 779-784

Keywords: Bt抗虫水稻,Bt蛋白,表达,秸秆,土壤

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Abstract:

以Bt抗虫水稻华池B6、TT51及其非转基因水稻亲本嘉早935、明恢63,以及与它们亲缘较远但农艺性状相近的水稻品种中九B、R9311为试验材料,研究了田间种植条件下Bt抗虫水稻杀虫蛋白的时空变化及其在根际土中的持留规律,同时,还研究了秸秆还田后Bt蛋白在土壤中的持留规律。结果表明1)Bt抗虫水稻华池B6植株各个部位中的Cry1Ab蛋白表达量在不同生育期存在显著差异(P抽穗期>成熟期>分蘖盛期,TT51穗中表达蛋白含量也有相似的表现,但是其茎叶和根系中的表达蛋白含量水平在各个生育期的变化并不显著(P>0.05);2)华池B6和TT51植株不同器官中Bt蛋白的表达量表现为穗>茎叶>根系,前者穗、茎叶和根系中的含量分别为10.75~19.76μg/gFW、8.74~14.49μg/gFW和2.18~5.41μg/gFW,而后者分别为3.38~5.27μg/gFW、2.27~2.86μg/gFW和0.76~1.15μg/gFW。TT51不同器官中Bt蛋白的表达量均明显低于华池B6;3)在田间种植期间,华池B6和TT51的根际土(除净须根)中均未检测到Bt蛋白(低于检测限0.25ng/gFW),即Bt抗虫水稻在生育期内并不会造成土壤中Bt蛋白的严重残留;4)华池B6秸秆还田后98~128d期间,土壤中Cry1Ab蛋白的降解相对较快,随后降解趋缓,至195d,土壤中该蛋白的含量为0.35ng/g鲜土。而TT51秸秆还田后98~195d期间,土壤中Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac融合蛋白的含量维持在0.35~0.60ng/g鲜土,其降解相对较平缓;5)从鲜重看,2种Bt抗虫水稻与其亲本及亲缘较远但农艺性状相近的水稻品种之间的差异未达显著水平,但TT51的长势明显好于华池B6。

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