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核农学报  2015 

淀粉接枝聚丙烯酸钠高吸水树脂的电子束法制备及结构表征

DOI: 10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2015.03.0462, PP. 462-471

Keywords: 10,MeV电子束,辐射接枝,高吸水树脂,淀粉接枝,丙烯酸

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Abstract:

本文将电子束辐照技术和功能材料制备技术相结合,采用10MeV电子束辐照法引发糊化的木薯淀粉与部分中和的丙烯酸单体进行接枝共聚反应,并采用N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,制备出一种淀粉接枝聚丙烯酸钠系高吸水树脂,并通过红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)技术对木薯淀粉和共聚产物的官能团结构和表面形态进行验证。采用正交试验设计方法分析单体/淀粉比、辐照剂量、交联剂/单体比以及单体中和度对该反应接枝参数以及吸水性能的影响,4种因素的变化均可引起共聚产物的吸水能力变化,影响显著性次序为:单体中和度>单体/淀粉比>交联剂/单体比>辐照剂量。获得最佳吸水性能的反应条件为:AA/St=3.5g·g-1,MBA/AA=5mmol·mol-1,辐照剂量D=6kGy,中和度为70%,上述条件下获得共聚产物的吸水倍数为435g·g-1。本文为采用电子束法制备高吸水材料提供了科学依据与技术支持。

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