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核农学报  2013 

玉米分蘖和多穗性的配合力与遗传分析

DOI: 10.11869/hnxb.2013.10.1441, PP. 1441-1448

Keywords: 玉米,分蘖性,多穗性,配合力,遗传效应,QTL定位

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Abstract:

分蘖和多穗是禾本科植物的普遍特性,也是栽培玉米的重要功能性状,对玉米分蘖和多穗性进行遗传研究,可为分蘖型和多穗型玉米的选育提供参考。本研究用26份自交系按7×19不完全双列杂交模式配制133个杂交组合为供试材料,对玉米分蘖和多穗性的配合力和遗传效应进行了分析,结果表明:(1)在19个远缘选系中,1147分蘖性和多穗性GCA效应正向最大,多穗性GCA效应正向值较大的还有1193和1169,156×1147和K389×1164分蘖数和果穗数SCA分别为正向效应最大;(2)玉米分蘖性和多穗性的加性效应远大于非加性效应,但其狭义遗传力分别仅为48.66%和36.12%,育种上宜在晚代进行选择。以玉米自交系K169×1147的202个F2:3家系为作图群体,构建了具有132对SSR标记的玉米遗传图谱,覆盖整个基因组1979.6cM,平均图距15.0cM,共检测到控制玉米有效穗数的QTL7个,分别位于1、2、3、6、7染色体,其中第1、3染色体上各有2个QTL,但位于第2染色体上的QTL效应最大,贡献率达27.31%,该研究结果丰富了玉米分子遗传学信息,为多穗玉米的分子育种奠定了基础。

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