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工程力学  2015 

考虑非线性剪切效应的RC桥墩抗震分析模型

DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2014.04.0313

Keywords: 桥梁抗震,钢筋混凝土桥墩,非线性剪切效应,模拟,OpenSees,变形能力

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Abstract:

剪跨比较小或配箍不足的钢筋混凝土桥墩易发生剪切破坏,而现有的纤维单元模型忽略了剪切变形,不能合理评估弯剪或剪切破坏桥墩的抗震能力。为有效模拟剪切作用影响下钢筋混凝土桥墩的抗震性能,以36个剪切及弯剪破坏圆形截面钢筋混凝土桥墩抗震拟静力试验结果为依据,建立了墩柱剪切破坏时墩底转角的计算公式。利用OpenSees分析平台,建立了基于非线性纤维梁柱单元和零长度剪切弹簧单元的数值分析模型,以此来考虑弯曲和剪切效应的耦合作用。以数值模型中墩底转角来监测试件剪切破坏的发生,剪切破坏发生前模型以纤维梁柱单元模拟的弯曲变形为主;此后,桥墩地震反应以剪切弹簧单元控制,以模拟试件由于剪切破坏导致的强度和刚度退化等行为。通过对12个剪切及弯剪破坏圆形截面桥墩抗震拟静力试验的模拟结果表明,模拟的滞回曲线与试验结果吻合较好,并且能很好地模拟钢筋混凝土结构由于剪切作用引起的刚度与强度的退化现象,验证了模型的合理性。

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