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工程力学  2015 

地铁扣件III型弹条失效有限元分析

DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2014.02.0126, PP. 210-215

Keywords: III型弹条,失效,安装状态,应力,有限元法

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Abstract:

为了分析地铁扣件III型弹条的断裂原因,建立了详细的扣件系统有限元模型,研究了Ⅲ型弹条不同安装状态和弹程对其扣压力和应力的影响。结果表明,弹条中肢插入铁垫板孔长度在69mm~76mm时,对弹条的扣压力影响很小,但对弹条最大等效应力影响比较大;同时,随着弹条中肢插入铁垫板插孔长度的增加,弹条后端与铁垫板的接触状态由线接触转化为多点接触,使得弹条后端圆弧与铁垫板端部发生挤压,产生局部应力集中。随着列车的反复通过,弹条在应力集中处容易萌生裂纹,最终裂纹扩展导致弹条发生疲劳断裂。数值分析结果与现场多数弹条断裂破坏位置相吻合。在线路运营维护中,应将弹条后端圆弧与铁垫板端部的距离严格控制在8mm~10mm内。

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