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工程力学  2015 

雪荷载规范比较与风致雪漂移风洞试验方法研究

DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2013.06.0524, PP. 50-56

Keywords: 风致雪漂移,雪荷载,荷载规范,风洞试验,试验技术

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Abstract:

风致雪飘移在复杂屋面上产生的不均匀雪荷载是多雪地区结构设计中需要重点考虑的问题之一。该研究对比了我国和美国、加拿大、欧洲四本关于雪荷载的规范,比较了雪荷载的计算表达式、屋面形式等内容,通过风洞试验,采用食用盐、硅砂、明矾、干松木屑等材料,对雪飘移问题进行了试验研究。结果发现:四本规范中都是将基本雪压与各种系数的乘积作为雪荷载;相对其他三本规范,我国规范对影响雪荷载的各种环境参数考虑相对较少;明矾因为颗粒间作用力较大,在风洞试验中不易产生连续的漂移运动;干松木屑因为密度太小,模拟效果也不佳;大密度的食用盐颗粒和硅砂的模拟效果相对较好;为了在实际工程中应用风洞试验的方法,需要进行多参数的现场观测、收集完整的气象资料、研究试验的相似关系和试验参数。

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