The aim of this paper is to describe the development of a new, brief, easy-to-administer self-reported instrument designed to assess patient participation in decision making in surgical treatment. We describe item generation, psychometric testing, and validity of the instrument. The final scale consisted of four factors: information dissemination (5 items), formulation of options (4 items), integration of information (4 items), and control (3 items). The analysis demonstrated a reasonable level of construct validity and reliability. The instrument applies to patients in surgical wards and can be used to identify the health services that are being provided and the areas that could strengthen patient participation. 1. Introduction In the relationship between healthcare professionals and patients, there is an imbalance in knowledge regarding disease, prognosis, and treatment. Patients’ knowledge has been assumed to be weak. The knowledge, competence, and expertise of healthcare professionals have been assumed to be strong and with the capacity to define patients’ best interests [1]. Based on their position and professional competence, the authority of healthcare professionals has regulated the degree to which patients are allowed to contribute to their treatment situation. The traditional view of the relationship between professionals and patients has recently been challenged from a different number of perspectives. Formally, regulations [2–5] and developing views on health services management, patients have increasingly been encouraged to be more active in their treatment and care. Furthermore, management-oriented leadership reforms have promoted the patient-as-partner view, maintaining that the patient is a participating producer of healthcare, and new social trends, including increased public access to information and knowledge via the internet. This has opened for some balancing of the information gap between professionals and patients: patients can use the internet to access information about disease progression, treatment alternatives, rights and choices, medical results, and unique qualities of hospitals or clinics. The emerging view is that healthcare professionals now meet patients as costumers who buy services and want choices, quality, and service [6]. From a customer perspective, the patient may demand a partnership with healthcare professionals. The customer may want information about the service being purchased and a guarantee that the service is of high quality. Patients as costumers purchase services and demand availability, quality, and
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