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山区地形对被动微波遥感影响的研究进展

DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2011.03.02, PP. 8-13

Keywords: 地形效应,被动微波遥感,山区,土壤水分

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Abstract:

随着土壤湿度与海水盐度卫星(SMOS)发射计划的顺利开展和AMSR-E(AdvancedMicrowaveScanningRadiometer-EarthObservingSystem)业务化运行服务之后,人类用星载微波辐射计监测土壤水分是空间技术上的又一次飞跃,但土壤水分的反演精度受到微波辐射计低空间分辨率观测像元的空间异质性和地形的影响,尤其山区地形对大尺度被动微波遥感观测影响显著,其中包括微波辐射的传输路径受海拔高度的影响,地表发射特性受地形坡度和坡向的影响,山体间的多次反射和地形的阴影效应也会改变地表的散射特性。目前,数项微波辐射地形效应的模拟研究已在国内外开展,并据此提出了一些简化的地形校正方法。为了使人们对该领域研究有一概括了解,基于电磁波辐射传输的物理机理和地表形态特征的统计分析,首先探讨了地形效应对微波辐射传输和地表微波辐射特征以及土壤水分反演算法的影响,然后通过地形在微波辐射研究中的最新进展综述,提出了目前研究中存在的问题以及进一步的研究方向。

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