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基于数字海图及遥感的近60年崇明东滩湿地演变分析

DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2013.01.23, PP. 130-136

Keywords: 数字海图,湿地,遥感,演变分析,崇明东滩

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Abstract:

利用9幅崇明东滩湿地1951—2006年海图数据,10幅MSS,TM及ETM+卫星数据,采用水边线及等深线叠加技术,将湿地陆面及水下部分作为相互关联的整体,定性与定量相结合,综合分析崇明东滩湿地近60a的演变。结果表明:①东滩湿地目前的演变过程已趋于稳定,在长江口河势稳定的情况下,将保持"南冲北淤、部分交替、中部淤涨"的态势;②人类活动是东滩湿地自然演变的重要驱动力,白港潮汐通道的封堵使东滩湿地成陆过程大大加快,东滩湿地0m线较为稳定地向东部扩展,在人类逐年围垦活动的干预下,湿地面积虽然逐年增加,但潮间带结构已偏离湿地自然状态,高潮滩面积所占比重减少,且成不连续分布,海堤直接暴露于外部海洋环境中,将降低对灾害天气的防御能力。

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