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财贸经济  2014 

制度、企业生产率与资源配置效率——基于中国市场化转型的研究

, PP. 104-114

Keywords: 制度,制度变迁,企业生产率,资源误置

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Abstract:

以诺斯为代表的经济学家认为,制度是决定经济增长的关键性因素。从微观企业层面看,经济增长来源于两个方面,一方面是企业内部微观生产率的提高,另一方面则是企业间资源配置效率的提升。中国的市场化转型本身是一场大规模的制度变迁,本文使用中国工业企业数据库,考察了制度对企业微观生产率和企业间资源配置效率的影响。我们发现,(1)制度可以通过激励机制的改善提高企业内部的资源配置效率,从而提高企业微观生产率。(2)制度可以使投入要素更多地由低生产率企业流动到高生产率企业,从而改善资源在企业间的配置效率,减少资源误置现象。

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