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财贸经济  2014 

贸易自由化对行业内工资不平等的影响——来自中国制造业的证据

, PP. 85-95

Keywords: 贸易自由化,行业内工资不平等,中国制造业

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Abstract:

本文使用1998-2007年的中国制造业企业数据检验了贸易自由化对71个制造业的行业内工资不平等的影响。实证分析得到的基本结论是产成品进口关税和有效保护率的下降显著地降低了行业内工资不平等程度。另外,外资开放度的提高对收入分配均衡有着不利影响,而出口导向程度的增强和民营企业的发展有着积极的收入分配效应。采用不同的工资不平等度量指标并不会对基本结论产生影响。贸易自由化的作用机制在于其提高了企业生存门槛,降低了行业内生产率差异,进而反映为行业内工资差距的减小。本文的研究发现表明贸易自由化对我国解决收入分配不平等问题具有重要意义。

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