全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
高原气象  2014 

干旱区气象因子对蒸发皿蒸发量的影响

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00060, PP. 1251-1261

Keywords: 蒸发皿蒸发量,20cm蒸发皿,Penman公式,敏感性试验

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

根据20cm蒸发皿的几何尺寸和架设特征,对Penman蒸发公式中的辐射项Rn和储热项S进行修改,建立了20cm蒸发皿蒸发模型。利用古浪非均匀近地层观测试验(GHUSLE)中连续14天观测的20cm蒸发皿逐时蒸发数据对该模型进行验证。结果表明,该模型能够成功地模拟蒸发皿蒸发的日变化过程,模拟的日蒸发量均方根误差和平均相对误差分别为0.72mm·d-1和6.7%。20cm蒸发皿蒸发过程中太阳辐射项的贡献约占蒸发皿总体蒸发的1/3,空气动力项的贡献约占2/3。常规气象因子影响蒸发皿蒸发的敏感性试验表明,风速、空气湿度、太阳辐射和气温对蒸发皿蒸发的影响强度依次递减,其蒸发量随这4种气象因子的变化率分别为0.602,-0.590,0.528和0.370。

References

[1]  Stanhill G. Is the Class A evaporation pan still the most practical and accurate meteorological method for determining irrigation water requirements?[J] Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2002, 112 (34): 233-236.
[2]  IPCC. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis[R]//Solomon S D, Qin M M, Chen Z, et al, eds. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, New York: United Kingdom and New York, 2007: 241-254.
[3]  Peterson T C, Golubev V S, Groisman P Y. Evaporation losing its strength[J]. Nature, 1995, 377: 687-688.
[4]  Brutsaert W, Parlange M B. Hydrological cycle explain the evaporation paradox[J]. Nature, 1998, 396: 30-31.
[5]  Brutsaert W. Indications of increasing land surface evaporation during the second half of the 20\+th century[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2006, 33, L20403, doi:10.1029/2006GL027532.
[6]  Roderick M L, Farquar G D. The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years[J]. Science, 2002, 298: 1410-1411.
[7]  Rayner D P. Wind run changes: The dominant factor affecting pan evaporation trends in Australia[J]. J Climate, 2007, 20: 3379-3394.
[8]  Zuo Hongchao, Li Dongliang, Hu Yinqiao, et al. Characteristics of climatic trends and correlation between pan-evaporation and environmental factors in the last 40 years over China[J]. Chinese Sci Bull, 2005, 50(12): 1235-1241.
[9]  左洪超,鲍艳,张存杰,等. 蒸发皿蒸发量的物理意义、近40年变化趋势的分析和数值实验研究[J]. 地球物理学报,2006,49(3): 680-688.
[10]  刘波, 肖子牛, 马柱国. 中国不同干湿区蒸发皿蒸发和实际蒸发之间关系的研究[J]. 高原气象, 2010, 29(3): 629- 636. 浏览
[11]  Penman H L. Natural evaporation from open water, bare soiland grass[J]. Royal Society of London Proceedings(Series A), 1948, 193: 120-146.
[12]  Monteith J L. Evaporation and the environment[J]. Symposium of the Society of Experimental Biology, 1965, 19: 245-269.
[13]  Thom A S, Thony J L, Vauclin M. On the proper employment of evaporation pans and atmometers in estimating potential transpiration[J]. Quart J Roy Meteor Soc, 1981, 107: 711-736.
[14]  Pereira A R, Villa Nova N A, Pereira A S, et al. A model for the class A pan coefficient[J]. Agriculture and Forest Meteorology, 1995, 76: 75-82.
[15]  Chu Chiaren, Li Minghsu, Chen Yiying, et al. A wind tunnel experiment on the evaporation rate of Class A evaporation pan[J]. J Hydrol, 2010, 381: 221-224.
[16]  Rotstayn L D, Roderick M L, Farquhar G D. A simple pan-evaporation model for analysis of climatesimulations: Evaluation over Australia[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2006, 33, L17715, doi:10.1029/2006GL027114.
[17]  Roderick M L, Rotstayn L D, Farquhar G D, et al. On the attribution of changing pan evaporation[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2007, 34, L17403, doi:10.1029/2007GL031166.
[18]  Rong Yanshu, Wang Wen, Jiang Haiyan. Changes of pan evaporation in the upper reach of the Yangtze river[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2011, 23(4): 503-509.
[19]  马耀明, 王介民. 非均匀陆面上区域蒸发(散)研究概况[J]. 高原气象, 1997, 16(4): 446-452.
[20]  刘波, 马柱国, 丁裕国. 中国北方近45年蒸发变化的特征及与环境的关系[J]. 高原气象, 2006, 25(5): 840-848.
[21]  Yang Hanbo, Yang Dawen. Climatic factors influencing changing pan evaporation across China from 1961 to 2001[J]. J Hydrol, 2012, 414-415: 184-193.
[22]  Ji Yuhe, Zhou Guangsheng. Important factors governing the imcompatible trends of annual pan evaporation:evidence from a small scale region[J]. Climatic Change, 2011, 106: 303-314.
[23]  顾欣, 康为民, 龙先菊, 等. 黔东南气温变化对蒸发皿蒸发量的影响分析[J]. 高原气象,2012, 31(6): 1761-1766. 浏览
[24]  陈伯龙, 左洪超, 高晓清, 等. 20 cm蒸发皿蒸发量的数学物理模型研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 2013, 56(2): 422-430.
[25]  王丽娟, 左洪超, 陈继伟, 等. 遥感估算绿洲-沙漠下垫面地表温度及感热通量[J]. 高原气象, 2012, 31(3): 646-656. 浏览
[26]  Linacre E T. Estimating U.S. Class A pan evaporation from few climate data[J]. Water International, 1994, 19(1): 5-14.
[27]  Liu Qiang, Xia Xinghua. Contribution of meteorological variables to changes in potential evaporation in Haihe River Basin, China[J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2012, 13: 1836-1845.
[28]  Xu Chongyu, Gong Lebing, Jiang Tong, et al. Analysis of spatial distribution and temporal trend of reference evapotranspiration and pan evaporation in Chang jiang (Yangtze River) catchment[J]. J Hydrol, 2006, 327(1-2): 81-93.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133