全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
高原气象  2009 

中国地区黑碳气溶胶的第一间接辐射强迫与气候效应

, PP. 1095-1104

Keywords: 黑碳气溶胶,第一间接辐射强迫,第一间接气候效应,区域气候,大气化学

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

将区域气候模式(RegCM3)与对流层大气化学模式(TACM)耦合,建立区域气候化学模拟系统(RegCCMS),用以模拟研究中国地区黑碳气溶胶的空间分布、第一间接辐射强迫及其气候效应。利用RegCCMS模式对2003年1月和7月进行模拟,结果表明,我国黑碳气溶胶主要集中在四川、河北、山东等地,1月份浓度最高值中心在四川,达到4μg·m-3;而在7月则出现在华中地区,高值中心值为3.5μg·m-3。地面浓度的季节差异不是很明显。1月和7月由黑碳气溶胶所造成的第一间接辐射强迫全国平均值分别为-0.389W·m-2和-1.18W·m-2,局部地区达到-4~-4.5W·m-2。敏感性试验结果表明,考虑黑碳气溶胶的第一间接气候效应后,使得近地面气温下降,降水减少,1月变化的平均值分别为-0.025K和-0.0027mm·d-1,7月变化的平均值分别为-0.16K和-0.095mm·d-1,在不同季节和地区,气温和降水的变化存在明显差异。

References

[1]  秦世广, 汤洁, 温玉璞. 黑碳气溶胶及其在气候变化研究中的意义[J]. 气象, 2001, 27(11): 3-7
[2]  Conant W C, A Nenes, J H Seifeld. Black carbon radiative heating effects on cloud microphysics and implications for the aerosol indirect effect 1. Extended Kohler theory[J]. J Geophys Res, 2002, 107(D21), 4604, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002094
[3]  Penner J E, R E Dickinson, C A O′Neill. Effects of aerosol biomass burning on the global radiation budget[J]. Science, 1992, 256: 1432-1433
[4]  Menon S, J Hansen, L Nazarenko, et al. Climate effects of black carbon aerosols in China and India. Science[J]. Science, 2002b, 297: 2250-2253
[5]  Lohmann U, J Feichter, J Penner, et al. Indirect effect of sulfate and carbonaceous aerosols: A mechanistic treatment[J]. J Geophys Res, 2000, 105: 12193-12206
[6]  Kristjansson J E, T Iversen, A Kirkevag, et al. Response of the climate system to aerosol direct and indirect forcing: The role of cloud feedbacks[J]. J Geophys Res, 2005, 110(D24206), doi: 10. 1029/2005JD006299
[7]  张美根, 徐永福, 张仁健, 等. 东亚地区春季黑碳气溶胶源排放及其浓度分布[J]. 地球物理学报, 2005, 48(1): 46-51
[8]  许黎, 王亚强, 陈振林, 等. 黑碳气溶胶研究进展I: 排放、 清除和浓度[J]. 地球科学进展, 2006, 21(4): 352-360
[9]  吴涧, 符淙斌. 近五年来东亚春季黑碳气溶胶分布输送和辐射效应的模拟研究[J]. 大气科学, 2005, 29(1): 111-119
[10]  高丽洁, 王体健, 徐永福, 等. 中国硫酸盐气溶胶及其辐射强迫的模拟[J]. 高原气象, 2004, 23(5): 612-619
[11]  Giorgi F, Bi X Q, Qian Y. Indirect vs. direct effects of anthropogenic sulfate on the climate of East Asia as simulated with a regional coupled climate chemistry Paerosol model[J]. Climatic Change, 2003, 58: 345-376
[12]  Streets D G, T C Bond, G R Carmichael, et al. An inventory of gaseous and primary aerosol emission in Asia in the year 2000[J]. J Geophys Res, 2003, 108(21): 8809-8832
[13]  Zhang X Y, Wang Y Q, Wang D, et al. Characterization and sources of regional\|scale transported carbonaceous and dust aerosols from ifferent pathways in coastal and sandy land areas of China [J]. J Geophys Res, 2005, 110(D15301), doi: 10.1029/2004JD005457
[14]  IPCC Report. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis[R]. Cambridge University Press, 2001: 881
[15]  IPCC Report. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis[R]. Cambridge University Press, 2007: 132
[16]  Lohmann U, J Feichter. Global indirect aerosol effects: a review[J]. Atmos Chem Phys Discuss, 2004, 4: 7561-7614
[17]  Haywood J, O Boucher. Estimates of the direct and indirect radiative forcing due to tropospheric aerosols: A review[J]. Rev Geophys, 2000, 38: 513-543
[18]  Penner J E, C C Chuang, C Liousse. The contribution of carbonaceous aerosols to climate change, in Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols[M]//Kulmala M, P E Wagner ed. Elsevier Sci, New York, 1996: 759-769
[19]  Chuang C C, J E Penner, J M Prospero, et al. Cloud susceptibility and the first aerosol indirect forcing: Sensitivity to black carbon and aerosol concentrations[J]. J Geophys Res, 2002 107(D21), 4564, doi:10.1029/2000JD000215
[20]  Ghan S, R Easter. Evaluation of aerosol direct radiative forcing in MIRAGE[J]. J Geophys Res, 2001, 106(D6): 5295-5316
[21]  Penner J E, H Eddleman. Toward the development if global inventory for black carbon emissions[J]. Atmos Environ, 1993, 27(8): 1277-1295
[22]  Abel S J, J M Haywood, E J Highwood, et al. Evolution of biomass burning aerosol properties from an agricultural fire in southern Africa[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2003, 30(15), 1783, doi: 10.1029/2003GL017342
[23]  Roberts D L, A Jones. Climate sensitivity to black carbon aerosol from fossil fuel combustion[J]. J Geophys Res, 2004, 109(D16202), doi: 10.1029/2004JD004676
[24]  Cooke W F, V Ramaswamy, P Kasibhatla. A general circulation model study of the global carbonaceous aerosol distribution[J]. J Geophys Res, 2002, 107(D16), 4279, doi: 10.1029/2001JD001274
[25]  Kristjansson J E. Studies of the aerosol indirect effect from sulfate and black carbon aerosols[J]. J Geophys Res, 2002, 107(D15), 4246, 10.1029/2001JD000887
[26]  Toshihko Takemura, Teruyuki Nakajima, O Dubovik, et al. Single\|scatering albedo and radiative forcing of various aerosol species with a global three\|dimensional Model[J]. J Climate, 2002, 15(4): 333-352
[27]  Rasch P J, J E Kristjansson. A comparison of the CCM3 model climate using diagnosed and predicted condensate parametrizations[J]. J Climate, 1998, 11: 1587-1614
[28]  Kristjansson J E, A Staple, J Kristiansen, et al. A new look at possible connections between solar activity, clouds and climate[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2002, 29, doi: 10.1029/2002GL015646
[29]  Penner J E, J Quaas, T Storelvmo, et al. Model intercomparison of indirect aerosol effects[J]. Atmos Chem Phys Discuss, 2006, 6: 1579-1617
[30]  David G S, S Guptaa, S T Waldhoffa, et al. Black carbon emissions in China[J]. Atmos Environ, 2001, 35: 4281-4296
[31]  张瑛, 高庆先. 硫酸盐和黑碳气溶胶辐射效应的研究[J]. 应用气象学, 1997, 8(增刊): 87-91
[32]  汤洁, 温玉璞, 周凌晞. 中国西部大气清洁地区黑碳气溶胶的观测研究[J]. 应用气象学, 1999, 10(2): 160-170
[33]  Hansen J, M Sato, R Ruedy, et al. Efficacy of climate forcings[J]. J Geophys Res, 2005, 110, D18104, doi: 10.1029/2005JD005776
[34]  Cao G L, Zhang X Y, Zheng F C, et al. Inventory of black carbon and organic carbon emissions from China [J]. Atmos Environ, 2006, 40: 6516-6527
[35]  Duan J C, Tan J H, Cheng D X, et al. Sources and characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in two largest cities in Pearl River Delta Region, China[J]. Atmos Environ, 2007, 38: 2895-2903
[36]  任国玉, 郭军, 徐铭志, 等. 近50年中国地面气候变化基本特征[J]. 气象学报, 2005, 63(6): 942-956

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133