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高原气象  2015 

近50年中国降水格点日值数据集精度及评估

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00141, PP. 50-58

Keywords: 降水,空间内插,格点数据集,评估

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Abstract:

利用高质量的2472个气象台站逐日降水资料和薄盘样条法,对19612010年中国大陆降水资料进行了空间内插,得到了中国地面降水0.5°×0.5°格点日值数据集.对该数据集的评估结果表明:夏季误差明显大于其他季节,冬、春、夏、秋季分别有96.7%,91.8%,63.2%和94.0%的台站绝对误差在±1mm·d-1之间;冬、春、夏、秋季分别有53%,68%,72%和70%的台站相对误差在±10%之间.基于台风"碧利斯"等3个强降水事件的分析和插值试验表明,格点化降水可以较好地描述一定范围内的面雨量.对比CP和APHRO两套格点资料表明,APHRO格点资料在刻画长江以南的年降水量气候态空间特征方面与观测值较一致;CP格点资料对青藏高原、天山山脉和塔里木盆地等大地形附近的降水空间特征描述较准确.另外,CP和APHRO格点资料都可以再现江淮梅雨日变化特征.当出现大雨和中雨日时,两套网格化降水资料同等程度地弱化了降水强度,而出现小雨日时,CP格点资料更接近实测降水.

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