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再论臼齿碳酸盐岩成因*

DOI: 10.7605/gdlxb.2011.03.001, PP. 253-261

Keywords: 臼齿碳酸盐岩,成因,元古代,古海洋

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Abstract:

臼齿(MolarTooth,简称MT)碳酸盐岩是产于元古代、并具有特殊全球性意义的碳酸盐岩类型之一。MT特有的微亮晶结构、严格的时空分布范围以及百余年来众多的成因解释,一直吸引着国内外地质学家对其进行持续的研究和探讨。作者在前人研究基础上,基于作者近10余年成果积累及新近对MT微观组构的研究进展,提出了若干新认识。MT是由原始晶核及同沉积期增生、加大而形成的微晶集合体;元古代时期属于还原或弱氧化环境,具有较高的碳酸盐饱和度;浅海海底碳酸盐灰泥固结缓慢;这些灰泥中丰富的有机质不断分解产生气体,封闭体系中的气体浓度持续增高、压力增大,从而导致灰泥中裂隙形成;裂隙形成或可借助其他外力作用,并不断扩大或变形、甚至被破坏;在有机质的催化作用下,裂隙内隙间水中迅速析出CaCO3,形成初始晶核;晶核进一步增生加大并组合成微晶集合体(MT),发生石化作用,充填于原始裂隙中;元古代古海洋的物理、化学条件是MT形成的背景,也提供着沉积物的来源和动力条件,控制着MT的时空发育与分布。

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