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北极冰盖形成对东西太平洋及边缘海古海洋学演化的影响*

DOI: 10.7605/gdlxb.2011.03.010, PP. 334-346

Keywords: 西太平洋暖池,氧同位素值,碳同位素值,北极冰盖形成,温跃层

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Abstract:

上新世最重要的古气候事件就是北极冰盖的形成和扩张(3.2—2.5Ma)。根据北极冰盖的形成过程,文中将上新世—早更新世(4.5—1.6Ma)西太平洋暖池核心区ODP807A孔2个浮游有孔虫属种Globigerinoidesruber和Pulleniatinaobliquiloculata的δ18O(氧同位素)、δ13C(碳同位素)记录数据细分为3个阶段:形成前(4.5—3.2Ma)、形成中(3.2—2.5Ma)和形成后(2.5—1.6Ma)。研究结果表明,北极冰盖形成以来,G.ruber和P.obliquiloculata的δ18O值均呈增大趋势;北极冰盖形成中,G.ruber的δ18O值基本不变,P.obliquiloculata的δ18O值略增大,反映出西太平洋暖池次表层海水受北极冰盖形成的影响更甚;Δδ18O(P-G)(G.ruber和P.obliquiloculata的δ18O的差值)反映出温跃层无明显变化,受北极冰盖形成影响微弱。根据用Ma/Ca值得到的ODP806站SST值(Waraetal.,2005)以及用UK′37得到的东太平洋ODP847站SST值数据(HerbertandLaura,2010),对北极冰盖形成以来东西太平洋古海洋学演化进行比较发现:冰盖形成以来东西赤道太平洋海水表层温度均有所下降,且东太平洋降温幅度更大;对比同时期的西太平洋ODP807A孔Δδ18O(P-G)与东太平洋ODP847站Δδ18O(T-S)的变化趋势,发现东太平洋温跃层变浅,表明受北极冰盖形成和扩张的影响,东西太平洋温跃层深度梯度增大。对比ODP807A孔与南海南部1143站、南海北部1148站G.ruber的δ18O和δ13C记录,揭示西太平洋边缘海如南海北部和南部受北极冰盖形成的影响有所不同,北部的表层海水温度和生产力水平受冰盖形成的影响更加明显。

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