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中亚造山带南带晚古生代演化:兼论中蒙交界区中—晚二叠世残留海盆的形成

DOI: 10.7605/gdlxb.2014.06.072, PP. 907-925

Keywords: 中亚造山带,构造—古地理演化,多期消减,三叉构造,残留海盆,晚古生代

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Abstract:

古亚洲洋南支为复杂的多岛洋,可分为西、中、东3段,其演化具有共同点,如既向北消减又向南消减和晚古生代发生多期的消减,也有沟弧盆系发育特征和时代上的差异,反映了可能存在近北北东向的剪切转换带。二叠纪北东东—东西向的洋盆、北西向的剪切带和北北东向的额尔德尼达来海槽构成“三叉构造”,后者是西部隆起区与东部残留海盆区之间的分界。中段的中戈壁地区的洋壳向北消减,洋消失后在弧前地区形成温都尔希雷特残留海盆。中段的南戈壁地区的洋壳向南消减,形成洋内弧(佐伦弧)和大陆边缘弧(雅干—索果淖弧),洋消失后在在弧后地区分别出现南戈壁和拐子湖残留海盆;晚二叠世两地持续发育海盆,前者形成具巨大经济价值的海相煤田。南戈壁海盆一度东延连接内蒙东部(东段洋壳消失后残留)的哲斯海盆和吴家屯海盆,现东延被东曼达洛包岩浆弧所截。晚二叠世内蒙东部的哲斯海盆闭合,吴家屯海盆退化为2个陆相盆地。蒙古西南部在昌德曼地区形成2条窄长的槽地接受晚二叠世的海侵,堆积相应的煤层。

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