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三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐改性PPO/PS复合材料的燃烧性能和流动性能

, PP. 75-82

Keywords: 三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐,聚苯醚/聚苯乙烯,复合材料,燃烧性能,流动性能

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Abstract:

以无卤阻燃剂三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)为改性剂,采用熔体共混法制备了改性聚苯醚/聚苯乙烯(PPO/PS)复合材料。通过XRD和SEM对MCA-PPO/PS复合材料的微观结构进行了表征,重点研究了复合材料的燃烧性能和流动性能。研究发现:在复合材料的制备和加工过程中MCA的微观结构并没有发生任何变化,因此复合材料中MCA的阻燃作用不变。MCA在复合材料中分散比较均匀,无明显团聚现象。与纯PS相比,质量比为100:100的PPO/PS在燃烧时的氧指数增加5.4%,热释放速率峰值降低33.1%,但总烟释放量增加近1.5倍。在PPO/PS中加入MCA后得到的复合材料的阻燃性能随着MCA用量增加而逐渐增强,发烟量大幅度降低,同时熔体黏度减小,流动性增加。在MCA-PPO/PS复合材料中加入5%、25%和45%质量分数的MCA可分别使复合材料的总烟释放量比PPO/PS降低43.7%、82.6%和91.6%。PPO/PS的阻燃机制为凝聚相成炭阻燃,随着MCA用量增加,MCA-PPO/PS复合材料的阻燃机制逐渐转变为气相稀释和对聚合物基体的冷却效应。加入MCA对MCA-PPO/PS复合材料可同时起到阻燃、抑烟和改善加工流动性的作用。

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