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炭黑填充导电橡胶的温度传感器灵敏系数

, PP. 30-35

Keywords: 复合材料,温度特性,灵敏系数,炭黑,导电橡胶,柔性触觉传感器

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Abstract:

以通用有效介质理论为基础,给出了炭黑填充导电橡胶(导电炭黑/橡胶)的温度传感器电阻-温度计算模型。利用该模型得出材料的灵敏系数计算公式,并结合形变和电阻率的变化对正电阻-温度特性(PTCR)的影响分析材料的灵敏系数特性。结果表明:在炭黑分布均匀、体积分数在渗流体积分数附近等条件下,电阻-温度计算模型与实验吻合,表现出一致的PTCR变化规律。导电炭黑/橡胶的PTCR效应主要源于基体膨胀导致炭黑体积分数的稀释作用,若炭黑体积分数在渗流区,导电炭黑/橡胶的灵敏系数为280~420;当炭黑体积分数在传导区时,其灵敏系数为32.5~62.0。导电炭黑/橡胶的PTCR效应是热-形变与形变-电导过程的乘积效应,导电炭黑/橡胶的灵敏系数高,但其体积膨胀系数低,使材料的电阻温度系数较低。

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