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喜马拉雅北部地区春季大气特征及日变化分析

DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.08.0836, PP. 836-843

Keywords: 喜马拉雅北部地区,日变化,气象要素,通量

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Abstract:

利用珠峰北部地区的观测资料和AIRS卫星遥感资料,分析了喜马拉雅北部地区的大气日变化及其垂直结构。结果发现喜马拉雅北部地区气温日变化具有明显的单峰单谷型特征,一天气温最高值出现在1800左右,最低值出现在早上700~900。风速的日变化呈现单峰型特征。气压的平均日变化呈双峰双谷型分布特征,气压极大值出现在200和1200,气压极小值出现在600和1900时,其中1900出现气压最小值。感热通量、潜热通量的平均日变化和气温日变化具有一致性,春季感热通量大于潜热通量。净辐射通量的日变化特征是单峰型特征,每日最大值出现的时间比感热通量及潜热通量的最大值出现的时间早2个小时。引起高原地区日变化剧烈有2个主要原因一是高原地区大气柱的质量较小,对太阳辐射的削弱较小,且相同的辐射加热和冷却可使较少大气产生较大温度变化;二是高原地区是大气云光学厚度较小的区域,由此可使地面在日间接受较强烈的太阳短波辐射而增温较大,在夜间又接受较小的大气长波逆辐射而降温较大。

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