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地理科学  2014 

氮沉降对长白山苔原植被影响的试验研究

, PP. 1526-1532

Keywords: 氮沉降,苔原植被,群落变化,草本植物侵入,长白山

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Abstract:

为了探讨氮沉降增加对苔原植被的影响,特别是对草本植物侵入苔原的作用,在长白山高山苔原带进行了连续4a的人工氮沉降模拟实验,测定3种设定的氮沉降水平下牛皮杜鹃(Rhododendronchrysanthum)、笃斯越橘(Vacciniumuliginosum)和小叶章(Deyeuxiaangustifolia.)的生长状况和群落结构变化.研究结果表明①与牛皮杜鹃、笃斯越橘等苔原本地种相比,氮沉降量增加更有利于侵入的小叶章生长;牛皮杜鹃生长对氮沉降量变化响应微弱,氮沉降量增加能明显抑制笃斯越橘的生长.②无小叶章侵入的牛皮杜鹃和笃斯越橘斑块在不同氮沉降量条件下,群落结构变化不明显,氮沉降增加不是小叶章侵入苔原带的直接原因.③在小叶章侵入牛皮杜鹃和笃斯越橘斑块后,氮沉降量增加强化了小叶章的竞争能力,逐渐取代牛皮杜鹃或笃斯越橘,成为优势种,推动高山苔原向高山草甸转化.因此,随着氮沉降量的不断增加,长白山苔原带将面临退化与草甸化.

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