全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
投递稿件

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
地理科学  2011 

1956～2000年中国地表水资源状况:变化特征、成因及影响

, PP. 1430-1436

Keywords: 降水量,径流量,趋势分析,旱涝灾害

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

系统搜集了中国590个雨量站和383个水文站1956~2000年长序列月降水量与月径流量资料,及1978~2000年全国各省、自治区的旱涝受灾与成灾面积、灌区面积、已建水库库容等数据资料,全面分析了地表径流时空演变特征以及农业旱涝灾害的时空分布特征,并分析了其原因及可能影响,研究结果表明,中国北方降水减少,其中山东和黄河中游地区的降水量减小最显著。另外,冬季降水增加明显,而春秋季降水减少明显,极易导致春秋旱灾;北方地区降水减少是造成地表径流量减小的主要原因,农业灌溉进一步加剧地表径流量减小,南方径流量的增加主要是由降水量增加引起的;降水时空分布不均匀造成水资源分布不均,进而造成大部分地区农业受旱涝灾害面积呈增加趋势,其中旱灾受灾面积远大于水灾的受灾面积;农村水利基础设施(灌区、水库等)能提高地区的抗旱能力,但是对洪涝灾害的影响没有旱灾那么明显。节水灌溉技术的推广应用是北方地区在水资源短缺的前提下保证农业生产稳定的重要措施。

 References

[1]  闵庆文,成升魁.全球化背景下的中国水资源安全与对策[J].资源科学,2002,24(4):49~55.
[2]  宋先松,石培基,金蓉.中国水资源空间分布不均引发的供需矛盾分析[J].干旱区研究,2005,22(2):162~166.
[3]  张晶晶,陈爽,赵昕奕.近50年中国气温变化的区域差异及其与全球气候变化的联系[J].干旱区资源与环境,2006,20(4):1~6.
[4]  陈隆勋,朱文琴,王文,等.中国近45年来气候变化的研究[J]. 气象学报,1998,56(3):257~271.
[5]  ZHANG Qiang,XU Chong Yu,Zhang Zengxin,et al.Spatial and temporal variability of precipitationover China,1951–2005[J]. Theoretical and Applied Climatology,95(1):53-68.
[6]  何云玲,张一平,杨小波.中国内陆热带地区近40年气候变化特征[J].地理科学,2007,27(4):499~505.
[7]  李林,汪青春,张国胜,等.黄河上游气候变化对地表水的影响[J].地理学报,2004,59(5):716~722.
[8]  ZHANG Qiang,XU Chong yu,Stefan Becker.Sediment and run-off changes in the Yangtze River basin during past 50 years[J]. Journal of Hydrology,2006,331:511-523.
[9]  国家统计局.改革开放三十年农业统计资料汇编[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2009.
[10]  Sanjiv Kumar,Venkatesh Merwade,Jonghun Kam,et al.Stream-flow trends in Indiana:Effects of long term persistence,precipi-tationand subsurface drains[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,374: 171-183.
[11]  Von Storch V H.Misuses of statistical analysis in climate re-search[C] //Storch H V,Navarra A.Analysis of Climate Variabil-ity:Application of Statistical Techniques.Berlin:Springer-Ver-lag,1995:11-26.
[12]  徐淑英,高由禧.我国季风进退及其日期的确定[J].地理学报, 1962,28(1):1~18.
[13]  王宝鉴,李栋梁,黄玉霞,等.东亚夏季风异常与西北东部汛期降水的关系分析[J].冰川冻土,26(5):563~568.
[14]  ZHANG Qiang,XU Chongyu,CHEN Xiaohong,et al.Statisti-cal behaviors of precipitation regimes in China and their links with atmospheric circulation 1960-2005[J].International Jour-nal of Climatology,DOI:10.1002/joc.2193.
[15]  Axel Thomas.Development and properties of 0.25-degree grid-dedevapotranspiration data fields of China forhydrological stud-ies[J].Journal of Hydrology,2008,358:145-158. 1435 31] 王春泽,乔光建.河北省降水特性与农业需水耦合关系分析[J]. 南水北调与水利科技,2008,6(6):90~96.
[16]  吴艳玲,魏枫.黑龙江省在中国粮食安全中的地位与作用[J]. 经济研究导刊,2010,94(20):52~53.
[17]  张勇,张强,叶殿秀,等.1951~2006年黄河和长江流域雨涝变化分析[J].气候变化研究进展,2009,5(4):226~230.
[18]  ZHANG Qiang,XU Chongyu,ZHANG Zengxin,et al.Spatial and temporal variability of precipitation maxima during 1960-2005 in the Yangtze River basin and possible association with large-scale circulation[J].Journal of Hydrology,2008,353, 215-227.
[19]  张正斌,张建华,刘孟雨,等.二十一世纪——蓝色革命的崛起[J].中国生态农业学报,2001,9(4):18~23.
[20]  刘昌明,陈志恺.中国水资源现状评价和供需发展趋势分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2001.
[21]  施雅风,沈永平,李栋梁,等.中国西北气候由暖干向暖湿转型的特征和趋势探讨[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(2):152~164.
[22]  ZHANG Qiang,XU Chong Yu,ZHANG Zengxin,et al.Changes of atmospheric water vapor budget in the Pearl River basin and possible implications for hydrological cycle[J].Theoretical and Applied Climatology,2010,102:185-195.
[23]  ZHANG Qiang,XU Chongyu,CHEN Yongqin David.Abrupt be-haviors of the streamflow of the Pearl River basin and implica-tions for hydrological alterations across the Pearl River Delta, China[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,377:274-283.
[24]  中华人民共和国农业部.中国农业年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1981~2000.
[25]  Sanjiv Kumar,Venkatesh Merwade.Streamflow trends in Indi-ana:Effects of long term persistence,precipitation and subsur-face drains[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,374:171-183.
[26]  Kulkarni A,von Stroch H.Monte Carlo experiments on the ef-fect of serial correlation on the Mann-Kendall test of trend[J]. Meteorologische Zeitschrift,1995,4(2):82-85.
[27]  Zhang X,Harvey K,D,Hogg W D,Yuzyk T R.Trends in Cana-dian streamflow[J].Water Resources Research,2001,37(4): 987-998.
[28]  ZHANG Qiang,XU Chongyu,ZHANG Zengxin.Observed chang-es of drought/wetness episodes in the Pearl River basin,China, using the Standardized Precipitation Index and Aridity Index[J].Theoretical and Applied Climatology,2009:98:89-99.
[29]  张存杰,谢金南,李栋梁,等.东亚季风对西北地区干旱气候的影响[J].高原气候,2002,21(2):193~198.
[30]  陈冬冬,戴永久.近五十年中国西北地区夏季降水场变化特征及影响因素分析[J].大气科学,2009,33(6):1247~1258.
[31]  ZHANG Qiang,XU Chongyu,ZHANG Zengxin,et al.Changes of atmospheric water vapor budget in the Pearl River basin and possible implications for hydrological cycle[J].Theoretical and Applied Climatology,2010,102:185-195.
[32]  温克刚.中国气象灾害大典[M].北京:气象出版社,2008.
[33]  WANG Shaowu,ZHU Jinhong,CAI Jingning.Interdecadal Vari-ability of Temperature and Precipitation in China since 1880[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2004,21(4):307-313.
[34]  姜爱军,杜银,谢志清,等.中国强降水过程时空集中度气候趋势[J].地理学报,2005,60(6):1007~1014.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133