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地理科学  2010 

国家名义之下的旅游资源垄断与产权困境——以从化温泉风景区为例

, PP. 710-716

Keywords: 产权,温泉,资源,垄断

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Abstract:

旅游资源的公共物品问题在地理学制度转向的背景下受到西方学者的广泛关注,旅游资源的国家所有制及其近30a经历的市场化改革使得中国的旅游资源问题别具特色。以温泉资源为例,借助对从化温泉风景区这一典型案例地的深度剖析,采用深度访谈、文献分析和实地考察等定性研究方法探讨国家所有的旅游资源在开发过程中屡遭破坏的原因。研究结果表明,温泉资源的开采权分配格局形成于计划经济时代,在市场化改革进程中资源的产权依旧被多家半官方企业所垄断,各家企业在追求个人利益最大化的过程中,使当地的温泉资源变成了国家名义之下的公地,并因此导致了温泉资源过度开采的后果。地方政府在这种旅游资源管控格局中丧失了指导地方发展的主动权,并成为舆论与上级责难的对象,但当其试图走出这一产权不清导致的困境时受制于至上而下的行政体制而举步维艰。

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