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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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青藏公路对区域土地利用和景观格局的影响——以格尔木至唐古拉山段为例
DOI: 10.11821/xb200203001, PP. 253-266
Keywords: 江河源区,土地利用,景观特征值,土地利用动态度,青藏公路
Abstract:
根据1995年和2000年土地利用数据,运用ARC/INFO软件和景观生态学方法,研究了青藏公路沿线格尔木、曲麻莱、治多3个县(市)的土地利用变化和景观格局变化,修订了单一土地利用类型动态度计算公式,重点分析了公路缓冲带的土地利用变化、景观格局变化和建设用地缓冲带的土地利用变化。主要结论如下①研究区建设用地增加迅速,林地、水域、未利用土地增加,耕地大量减少,草地退化严重,其中曲麻莱县草地减少22.8%,未利用土地增加43.96%;②景观破碎化程度加剧,分维数、多样性指数和景观破碎度均增加;③与其它交通干线对沿线的“轴向”影响不同,该段青藏公路以“点”型的辐射效应为标志,且仅仅影响建设用地周围的区域,格尔木市的影响范围是3km,五道梁的影响范围是1km;④K=(Ua+Ub-2Uc)Ua-1T-1×100%,可准确地反映单一土地利用类型变化特点。
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