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地理学报  2003 

社会经济系统水循环研究进展

DOI: 10.11821/xb200302013, PP. 255-262

Keywords: 水循环,社会经济系统,水资源

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Abstract:

水循环包括自然水循环和社会经济水循环两个方面。社会经济系统水循环指社会经济系统对水资源的开发利用及各种人类活动对水循环的影响。对目前国际国内关于社会经济水循环关注的主要问题(水资源安全、水资源社会经济研究、人类活动对水循环的影响、水环境、水资源可持续管理和综合管理)及其进展进行了评述。水资源安全的主要对策已由增加供给转变为水资源需求管理。增加社会参与和明晰水权是水资源管理体制改革的方向。水价在水资源管理中的重要作用得到越来越多的重视。水资源可持续管理和综合管理正逐步落实。水资源需求管理机制、水权水价等水资源管理制度设计、作为可持续水资源管理基础的生态需水问题和环境变化对水资源的影响,将是未来社会经济系统水循环研究的焦点。

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