全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
地理学报  2004 

城市景观格局尺度效应的空间统计规律——以上海中心城区为例

DOI: 10.11821/xb200406030, PP. 1058-1067

Keywords: 城市景观,尺度效应,空间自相关,Shannon多样性指数,半变异函数,上海

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

以上海市外环以内的中心城区为区域背景,基于SPOT全色波段遥感影像数据和GIS技术,运用空间统计分析方法,研究城市景观格局的空间尺度效应。研究结果表明(1)城市景观格局的空间自相关性具有显著的尺度依赖性。Moran指数I与Geary系数c对粒度变化的敏感点相同,均为50m。(2)城市景观形态具有分形特征,各类景观斑块的分维数对粒度变化的响应不同,它们随着粒度的变化呈非线性变化趋势;在粒度较小时,各类景观斑块之间的分维数差异较大,而随着粒度的增大,其分维数之间的差异逐渐缩小。(3)城市景观多样性格局,与空间区位及人类活动的空间格局息息相关。在城市中心,主导型景观是经济效益较高的商业文化景观,并且景观斑块聚集度、破碎度大;经济效益较低的农业景观分布在城市边缘区,而且景观类型单一,斑块面积较大,破碎度较小;在由城市中心向边缘过渡的中间地带,景观类型多样,空间格局复杂。(4)景观多样性具有尺度依赖性。随着幅度的增加,景观多样性指数逐渐增大,多样性的空间格局也显著变化。在0.5km幅度下,多样性指数的最大值出现在市中心,从市中心向外呈现高低起伏的环状模式扩展,随着幅度增加,多样性指数的高值区向景观类型变化最剧烈的城乡过渡地带转移。(5)景观多样性的空间变异也具有明显的尺度依赖性。在较小幅度下,总体空间变异主要来自空间自相关的贡献,随机因素贡献较小;而较大幅度掩盖了更小尺度上的变异,导致块金效应增强,总体空间变异中自相关部分的贡献明显下降。

References

[1]  WuJ.Landscapeecology:conceptsandtheories.ChineseJournalofEcology,2000,19(1):42-52.
[2]  [肖笃宁.论现代景观科学的形成与发展.地理科学,1999,19(4):379-384.]
[3]  YueT,YeQ.Modelsforlandscapeconnectivityandtheirapplications.ActaGeographicaSinica,2002,57(1):67-75.
[4]  [徐建华,方创琳,岳文泽.基于RS与GIS的区域景观镶嵌结构研究.生态学报,2003,23(2):365-375.]
[5]  XuJ,MeiA.QuantitativeanalysisandfractalmodelingonthelandscapemosaicanditsevolutionaryprocessofShanghaiintheperiodfrom1947-1996.EcologicScience,2002,21(2):131-137.
[6]  [徐建华,梅安新.20世纪下半叶上海城市景观镶嵌结构演变的数量特征与分形结构模型研究.生态科学,2002,21(2):131-137.]
[7]  CouclelisH.Fromcellularautomatatourbanmodels:newprinciplesformodeldevelopmentandimplementation.EnvironmentandPlanningB,1997,24:165-174.
[8]  ZhouC,SunZ,XieY.Geo-CellularAutomata.Beijing:SciencePress,1999.
[9]  WangJ,LiL,GeYetal.Atheoreticframeworkforspatialanalysis.ActaGeographicaSinica,2000,55(1):92-103.
[10]  [王劲峰,李连发,葛咏等.地理信息空间分析的理论体系探讨.地理学报,2000,55(1):92-103.]
[11]  WilliamFF.Theecologyofurbanlandscapes:modelinghousingstartsasadensity-dependentcolonizationprocess.LandscapeEcology,2001,16(1):33-39.
[12]  MatthewL,JianguoW.Agradientanalysisofurbanlandscapepattern:acasestudyfromthePhoenixmetropolitanregion,Arizona,USA.LandscapeEcology,2002,17(4):327-339.
[13]  GustafsonEJ,ParkerGR.Relationshipbetweenlandcoverproportionandindicesoflandscapespecialpattern.LandscapeEcology,1992,7:101-110.
[14]  HulshoffRM.LandscapeindicesdescribingaDutchlandscape.LandscapeEcology,1995,10(2):101-111.
[15]  TurnerMG,GardnerRH(eds.).QuantitativeMethodsinLandscapeEcology:TheAnalysisandInterpretationofLandscapeHeterogeneity.NewYork:Springer-Verlag,1991.
[16]  ZhangJ,QiuY,ZhenF.Quantitativemethodsinlandscapepatternanalysis.JournalofMountainScience,2000,18(4):346-352.
[17]  KyriakidisP,JournelAG.Geostatisticsmodels:areview.MathematicalGeology,1999,31(6):615-684.
[18]  WangJ,FuBJ,QiuYetal.SpatiotemporalvariabilityofsoilmoistureinsmallcatchmentonLoessPlateau:semivariograms.ActaGeographicaSinica,2000,55(4):428-438.
[19]  [赵文武,傅伯杰,陈利顶.尺度推绎研究中的几点基本问题.地球科学进展,2002,17(6):906-908.]
[20]  FormanRTT.Somegeneralprinciplesoflandscapeandregionalecology.LandscapeEcology,1995,10:133-142.
[21]  NossRF.Landscapeconnectivity:differentfunctionsanddifferentscales.In:HudsonWE(ed.),LandscapeLinkagesandBiodiversity.Washington,D.C.,USA:IslandPress,1991.27-29.
[22]  [邬建国.景观生态学—概念与理论.生态学杂志,2000,19(1):42-52.]
[23]  XiaoD.Theformationanddevelopmentofmodernlandscapescience.ScientiaGeographicaSinica,1999,19(4):379-384.
[24]  WuJ.LandscapeEcology.Beijing:HigherEducationPress,2000.104-105.
[25]  [邬建国.景观生态学.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.104-105.]
[26]  JianguoWu,JelinskiDE,LuckMetal.Multiscaleanalysisoflandscapeheterogeneity:scalevarianceandpatternmetrics.GeographicInformationSciences,2000,6(1):6-19.
[27]  WuJ,QiY.Dealingwithscaleinlandscapeanalysis:anoverview.GeographicInformationSciences,2000,6(1):1-5.
[28]  MarceauDJ.Thescaleissueinsocialandnaturalsciences.CanadianJournalofRemoteSensing,1999,25:347-356.
[29]  YueT,LiuJ.Issuesonmulti-scalesinecogeograghicalmodeling.QuaternarySciences,2003,23(3):256-261.
[30]  [岳天祥,刘纪远.生态地理建模中的多尺度问题.第四纪研究,2003,23(3):256-261.]
[31]  [岳天祥,叶庆华.景观连通性模型.地理学报,2002,57(1):67-75.]
[32]  LevinSA.Theproblemofpatternandscaleinecology.Ecology,1992,73:1943-1967.
[33]  LvY,FuB.Ecologicalscaleandscaling.ActaEcologicaSinica,2001,21(12):2096-2105.
[34]  [吕一河,傅伯杰.生态学中的尺度及尺度转换方法.生态学报,2001,21(12):2096-2105.]
[35]  XuJ,FangC,YueW.AnanalysisofthemosaicstructureofregionallandscapeusingGISandremotesensing.ActaEcologicaSinica,2003,23(2):365-375.
[36]  BattyM,XieY,SunZ.ModelingurbandynamicsthroughGIS-basedcellularautomata.Computers,EnvironmentandUrbanSystems,1999,23(2):205-233.
[37]  [张金屯,邱扬,郑凤英.景观格局的数量研究方法.山地学报,2000,18(4):346-352.]
[38]  SenAK.Largesample-sizedistributionsofstatisticsusedintestingforspatialcorrelation.GeographicalAnalysis,1976,9:175-184.
[39]  LiB.Fractalgeometryapplicationsindescriptionandanalysisofpatchpatternsandpatchdynamics.EcologicalModelling,2000,132:33-50.
[40]  MandelbrotBB.TheFractalGeometryofNature.NewYork:WHFreeman,1982.45-66.
[41]  DongL.FractalTheoryandItsApplication.Shenyang:LiaoningScienceandTechnologyPress,1991.
[42]  [王军,傅伯杰,邱扬等.黄土丘陵小流域土壤水分的时空变异特征.地理学报,2000,55(4):428-438.]
[43]  BurroughPA.GISandgeostatistics:essentialpartnersforspatialanalysis.EnvironmentalandEcologicalStatistics,2001,8(4):361-377.
[44]  XuJ.MathematicalMethodsinContemporaryGeography(2ndedn.).Beijing:HigherEducationPress,2002.105-120.
[45]  ZhaoW,FuB,ChenL.Somefundamentalissuesinscaling.AdvanceinEarthSciences,2002,17(6):906-908.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133