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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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中国城市扩展对气温观测的影响及其高估程度
DOI: 10.11821/xb200911002, PP. 1292-1302
Keywords: 城市,气象站,遥感,气象数据空间插值,热岛效应,气温
Abstract:
由于中国城市扩展导致部分气象站点被动进入城市内部，从而造成对区域气温的高估。本文利用遥感多期影像对中国700多个气象站点各历史时期的下垫面进行判别，得到“进城”站点及其进城时间。通过比较“进城”站点的观测数据和背景气温，计算出70年代以来“进城”气象站点上的平均热岛效应强度，并对热岛效应强度的季节性差异进行了分析，得出70年代以来秋冬季节的热岛强度高于春季和夏季的结论。通过比较真实气温和背景气温的空间数据，识别出了气温高估区域，得出中国东部地区的气温高估略高于中部地区，东部地区和中部地区的气温高估均远高于西部地区的结论。通过计算真实气温和背景气温序列的年平均气温变化趋势，得出近40年来全国的增温值约为1.58oC，其中因城市扩展带来的增温贡献约为0.01oC，在气温高估的核心区域的贡献约为0.09oC。
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