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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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黄河壶口段全新世古洪水事件及其水文学研究
DOI: 10.11821/xb201011007, PP. 1371-1380
Keywords: 古洪水,全新世,滞流沉积物,水文学,黄河
Abstract:
通过对黄河中游晋陕峡谷段的考察，在多个地点发现全新世古洪水滞流沉积层。选择壶口段左岸岩棚内典型的古洪水滞流沉积剖面进行沉积学和水文学研究。对于采集的全新世地层剖面序列样品，进行粒度成分、磁化率、烧失量、CaCO3含量等分析，从沉积学角度证明了研究剖面所夹洪水沉积物为典型的古洪水滞流沉积物，记录了全新世两个时期的特大洪水事件。通过地层学对比分析和OSL测年，确定其分别发生在全新世早期—中期转折阶段，和中期—晚期转折阶段。利用沉积学和水文学原理恢复古洪水水位，计算出第一组古洪水洪峰流量为27490m3/s、27830m3/s、28570m3/s，第二组为40920m3/s。本文的研究发现全新世特大洪水事件，并且恢复了其水文特征数据，对于揭示黄河水文过程对于全球变化的响应规律具有重要的科学意义，对于水利工程建设具有重要的现实意义。
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