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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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北宋中期耕地面积及其空间分布格局重建
DOI: 10.11821/xb201111009, PP. 1531-1539
Keywords: 土地利用/覆被,耕地空间分布,网格化重建,北宋中期
Abstract:
以北宋暖期为研究时段,依据历史文献中有关“田亩”与“户额”的记载资料,通过对赋役、户籍、土地等制度的考证,订正了北宋中期各路耕地面积和府级人口数量；并以地面坡度、海拔高程和人口密度作为影响土地宜垦程度的主导因子,网格化重建了北宋中期境内耕地空间分布格局(60km×60km)。结果表明(1)北宋中期境内耕地约7.2亿亩,北方占40.1%,南方占59.9%；人口数量为8720万人,北方占38.7%,南方占61.3%；境内土地垦殖率为16.6%,人均耕地面积为8.2亩。(2)垦殖率较大的地区主要分布在黄淮海平原、长江中下游平原、关中平原、两湖平原以及四川盆地等,其垦殖率基本在40%以上；而岭南、西南(除成都平原外)、东南沿海和山陕黄土高原等地区垦殖率较低,其垦殖率大多小于20%。(3)耕地分布在不同海拔高度和坡度上存在明显差异,其中低海拔(15°)的面积分别为1.16、4.56、1.44和0.02亿亩,其平均垦殖率分别为34.6%、20.7%、8.5%和2.3%。
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