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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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青藏高原夏季上空水汽含量演变特征及其与降水的关系
DOI: 10.11821/xb201111003, PP. 1466-1478
Keywords: 青藏高原,水汽含量,降水,降水转化率
Abstract:
利用青藏高原(以下简称高原)近30年(1979-2008年)14个探空站的温度和湿度观测资料以及83个地面台站的月平均降水资料,分析了高原夏季上空水汽含量与地面降水的联系以及高原地区的降水转化率问题。结果表明1)高原夏季水汽含量在空间分布上表现出随海拔高度增高而减少的特征,其中东北部为最大值,东南部为次大值,而西北部为最小值。夏季降水整体上由东南向西北递减；2)EOF分解表明,高原夏季水汽含量存在两种主要的空间分布型即全区一致变化型和南北反向变化型,其中以唐古拉山脉北侧为界呈现出的水汽含量南北反向型与降水的第一特征向量场表现出的南北反向型在空间分布上十分相似；3)在年际变化上,高原夏季水汽含量的南北反向型与降水的南北反向型之间存在较一致的对应关系即水汽含量出现南多北少时,高原南部降水普遍偏多而北部降水普遍偏少,反之亦然；4)高原夏季平均降水转化率在3%~38%之间,其空间差异非常明显,高原南部降水转化率明显大于北部地区。
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