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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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青海三江源地区近50年来的气温变化
DOI: 10.11821/xb201111002, PP. 1451-1465
Keywords: 气温变化,区域差异,突变分析,三江源地区
Abstract:
利用青海三江源地区12个气象站1961-2010年月气温资料及滑动平均、线性倾向估计、样条函数插值、Mann-Kendal检验等方法对气温变化的分析结果表明(1)青海三江源地区及3个源区年、四季平均气温出现多次冷暖波动过程,但在统计意义上均呈显著增温趋势,2001年以后增温明显。其中,春、夏、秋季和全年平均气温从20世纪90年代以后增温显著,而冬季在进入21世纪后增温极为显著。除春季外,青海三江源地区及3个源区年、四季气温标准值逐渐增加,并以冬季气温标准值增加最为显著；(2)青海三江源地区年平均气温倾向率为0.36oC10a-1,澜沧江源区与黄河源区增温幅度相同(0.37oC10a-1),而长江源区增温幅度相对较小(0.34oC10a-1),整个青海三江源地区显著增温区域出现在玉树南部及囊谦北部,并且冬季和秋季增温幅度要大于春季和夏季；(3)青海三江源地区、澜沧江源区和长江源区的年、夏、秋、冬季以及黄河源区夏、秋季平均气温均发生了突变。其中,年、夏季平均气温突变主要发生20世纪90年代中后期,秋季平均气温主要在90年代前期,而冬季平均气温主要发生21世纪初；(4)全球气候变暖背景下,青藏高原不同地区海拔高度和下垫面的差异是导致青海三江源地区增温幅度较大的主要原因。
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