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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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1971-2009年珠穆朗玛峰地区尼泊尔境内气候变化
DOI: 10.11821/xb201301010, PP. 82-94
Keywords: 气候变化,Mann-Kendall分析,珠穆朗玛峰地区,科西河流域,尼泊尔
Abstract:
利用珠穆朗玛峰南坡尼泊尔境内(科西河流域)的10个气象站1971-2009年月平均气温、月平均最高、最低气温和逐月降水资料,采用线性趋势、Sen斜率估计、Mann-Kendall等方法分析区域气候变化状况及其时空特征,并与珠穆朗玛峰北坡地区气候进行比较,分析了珠穆朗玛峰地区气候变化的特征与趋势。结果表明(1)1971-2009年间,珠穆朗玛峰南坡年平均气温为20.0℃,线性升温率为0.25℃/10a,与北坡主要受年平均最低气温影响相反,增幅主要受年平均最高气温升高的影响,并且在1974年及1992年间出现两次显著增温,增温特别明显的月份为2月和9月;(2)该地区降水变化的局地性较强,近40年间年平均降水量为1729.01mm,年平均降水量以每年约4.27mm的线性增幅有所增加,但并不显著,且降水月变化和季变化特征均不明显;(3)由于珠穆朗玛峰南坡受到季风带来暖湿气流和喜马拉雅山阻挡的双重影响,珠峰南坡的年平均降水量远高于北坡;(4)珠穆朗玛峰南坡气温变暖的海拔依赖性并不明显,且南坡地区的变暖趋势并没有北坡变暖趋势明显。
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