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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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河北平原冬小麦播种面积收缩及由此节省的水资源量估算
DOI: 10.11821/xb201305010, PP. 694-707
Keywords: 灌溉水资源,冬小麦,作物系数,作物耗水量,河北平原
Abstract:
以河北平原1998-2010年11地市的农业统计数据和22个气象站点的逐日气温、降水量、水汽压、风速、日照时数和相对湿度等资料为基础,对该地区冬小麦播种面积的收缩情况及由此引发的耕作制度变化进行了分析;同时,结合作物系数法和逐旬有效降水量法,计算了不同耕作制度下的水分亏缺量,进而估算了该地区因耕作制度变化节省的水资源量。结果表明①该时段河北平原11地市冬小麦的播种面积均呈收缩趋势,总面积下降了16.07%,约49.62×104hm2。京津唐城市群表现最为明显,下降了47.23%;②冬小麦的降水满足率仅为20%~30%,而春玉米和夏玉米均为50%以上;冬小麦—夏玉米一年两熟制所需的灌溉水资源量为400~530mm,而春玉米一年一熟制仅为160~210mm;③该时段河北平原因冬小麦播种面积收缩而节省的灌溉水资源量约为15.96×108m3/a,相当于南水北调中线一期工程为京津冀三省市供水量的27.85%。
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