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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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新疆地区沙漠形成与演化的古环境证据
DOI: 10.11821/xb201305008, PP. 661-679
Keywords: 沙漠,古气候,第四纪,风成沉积,新疆
Abstract:
通过回顾新疆沙漠形成演化过程的研究与进展,指出新疆构造地貌特征使塔里木和准噶尔两大盆地区域受行星系西风、海陆季风或地形山谷风等的焚风效应的影响,第四纪以来的气候环境格局总体表现为持续的干旱化过程并伴随次级规模的波动过程;盆地及其边缘风成沉积的形成,是对青藏高原隆升引起的全球气候环境变化尤其是亚洲内陆干旱化的响应。在塔克拉玛干沙漠的形成时代上,由于研究方法、对象和信息载体的不同,目前存在较多争议;来自沙漠边缘及腹地的古风成沉积及其年代学证据指示塔里木盆地边缘或腹地在第三纪时即已存在干旱性的气候和地表的风营力过程;但在沉积规模和连续性上,它们的存在是否代表大范围沙丘地乃至古塔克拉玛干沙漠的出现以及其后是否与现今规模的塔克拉玛干沙漠有继承关系,需要进一步的研究来解释。来自沙漠外围昆仑山北坡和天山北坡的风成黄土沉积表明现代规模的塔克拉玛干和古尔班通古特沙漠都是在中更新世以后形成的,并在末次冰期时经历了显著的气候变化,但不同区域有不同的干湿波动过程。
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