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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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近30年来长江口岸滩沉积物与地貌演变特征
, PP. 945-954
Keywords: 地貌演变,闭合水深,长江河口,岸滩剖面,沉积物
Abstract:
通过对长江口潮间带宽度、表层和浅地层柱状样沉积物、典型水下岸坡剖面的现场测量,以及对潮间带宽度及水下岸坡剖面的多幅历史海图分析,研究近30年长江口岸滩演变特征及岸滩演变的主要原因。结果表明(1)岸滩沉积物整体上呈“北细南粗”的变化特征,横沙东滩北岸、长江和东海大桥下等主要大型工程附近潮间带柱状样粒序向上显著变粗;(2)长江口部分潮间带宽度减少90%以上;水下岸坡由1980年的“S”形向凹形、斜坡形等侵蚀型形态转变,岸坡明显变陡,侵蚀型岸滩特征凸显;南汇嘴至芦潮港岸段水下岸坡闭合水深1978-2004年为-8m,近10年来滩底发生侵蚀,刷深约1m;(3)流域来沙量锐减导致长江口侵蚀型水下岸滩格局的形成;河口大面积围垦、青草沙水库和长江与东海大桥等大型工程建设是造成潮间带大面积损失和局部沉积物粗化的主要原因;沙体变迁是狭长型河槽局部岸滩演变的主要影响因素。
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