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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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近50年杭—嘉—湖平原水系时空变化
, PP. 966-974
Keywords: 河网,水系格局,杭嘉湖地区,城市化
Abstract:
基于1960s、1980s和2000s地形图水系数据,采用河网密度、水面率、河网发育系数、干流面积长度比和盒维数等指标,对杭嘉湖地区近50年水系空间分布和时间演化进行了研究。结果表明(1)杭嘉湖地区1960s-2000s期间水系长度和面积呈衰减趋势。近50年河流长度减少了11023.33km,衰减了38.67%,水面积减小了151.58km2,衰减了18.83%,且这种趋势在加剧;(2)支流发育系数呈下降的趋势,河网随着城市化的发展逐渐主干化。1960s二级支流发育系数为1.41,至1980s下降到1.35,下降了3.9%;1980s-2000s期间急剧下降至0.15,下降了88.6%;(3)水系变化的空间差异明显,河网密集的南部区水系衰减最为剧烈;(4)在不同下垫面条件下水系变化有各自特点。城市区水面率较小,约4.9%~9.4%,1960s以来水面率、河网密度呈减小的趋势,伴随城市化过程出现较重要的城市防洪疏浚、新挖河道工程。河网区河网密集,约2.1~5.3km/km2,支流下降明显,干流有增加趋势以致河网主干化。典型湖区水面率较大,约17.8%~19.7%,水系格局变化相对不明显。
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