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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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周庄古镇创造性破坏与地方身份转化
, PP. 1131-1142
Keywords: 地方身份,古镇,周庄,转化,创造性破坏
Abstract:
地方身份通过内外部政治经济力量交互作用,成为当地社会关系的历史纹理,是利益相关者意识形态的反映。以周庄为案例地,借助创造性破坏模型深入分析古镇地方身份转化。研究发现周庄满足该模型的3个主要变量。与西方企业家主导模式不同,中国政府对旅游的推动作用是强大的,不仅履行决策制定者和投资者的职能,而且为象征资本的创造、社会资本的延伸和文化资本的维护做出贡献;伴随着游客数量的增加和动机的多样化,商业化景观迅速蔓延,不断冲击古镇遗产景观身份;居民对旅游发展的态度经历了积极—消极—积极的回归过程。从文化霸权与表征、游客凝视、人口置换与社会身份复杂性等角度对周庄古镇地方身份转化进行理论解释,认为地方身份是利益相关者之间相互"谈判"和妥协的产物,表征主流意识形态;为适应游客凝视,利益相关者以东拼西凑的形式改造古镇地方身份;人口置换的结果增加了"新周庄人"社会身份的复杂性,由此带来社会关系破碎、社会认同下降、地方感丧失等问题,导致周庄地方身份转化。
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