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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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农村中小学选址的空间运筹
DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201310010, PP. 1411-1417
Keywords: 节点交换搜索算法,改进的P-重心模型,P-中心模型,农村中小学选址
Abstract:
农村中小学的选址问题是当前地理学区位理论应用的一个热点,学校作为一个设施对学生上学安全和便捷程度有很大影响。许多学者研究了学校的区位问题,然而对农村地区来说,采用模型不够适合。本文学校选址研究充分考虑P-重心模型和P-中心模型的优缺点,在P-重心模型的基础上对模型进行改进,增加学生上学最大距离不超过某一阈值的约束,这样改进后的模型同时具有P-中心和P-重心模型的优点,既保证农村偏远地区的学生上学相对方便,又保证加权距离和相对最小。为了方便应用,应用地理信息科学方法,使用改进的节点交换搜索算法求解,然后通过VisualStudio开发平台和ArcGISEngine二次开发组件库开发了农村中小学最优选址的决策支持系统。最后以山东省某镇为例,用该系统解决该镇的小学选址,结果发现改进后同时具有P-重心和P-中心特性的模型比传统的P-重心模型更能适合农村小学选址,能够作为小学学校规划选址的辅助决策依据。
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