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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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浙江缙云县大洋山石鼓尖花岗岩坑穴成因
DOI: 10.11821/xb200807007, PP. 735-743
Keywords: 浙江缙云大洋山石鼓尖,花岗岩坑穴,冰缘作用,风蚀作用,水蚀作用,寒冻风化
Abstract:
浙江缙云县大洋山石鼓尖海拔1477m,在其山顶花岗岩表面发现大量直径几十厘米至1m左右、深度10cm至45cm的坑穴。经对60处坑穴的形态量测发现,坑穴主要发育在山坡的NE和SE一侧;坑穴积水后出水口流向亦主要朝向NE和SE。对岩石标本的偏光显微镜和X荧光光谱鉴定分析发现,该处基岩为易风化、泥化明显的中细粒钾长花岗岩。该处年平均气温9.2oC,年降水量在1700mm以上,每年12月至翌年3月会经历4个月日气温在0oC上下波动的冰缘作用期,雨雪水冻融交替对基岩的崩解作用明显。该处位于夏季台风雨迎风坡(NE和SE坡)一侧,暴雨常伴随有10级以上大风。现场常可见风力吹蚀带动坑穴中细岩屑对坑穴内壁产生加速旋转磨蚀作用。上述研究表明,该处花岗岩坑穴形成的主要动力成因首先是冰缘寒冻风化作用,暴雨和山顶大风的风力吹蚀加速了坑穴的形成。观察表明,此种作用目前仍在进行之中,风向的转变是造成坑穴出现多种形态的主要原因。由于此处海拔距雪线尚有1500m高差,即使在第四纪盛冰期也仅是接近雪线高度,且因山顶无积雪屯冰的低洼地形,因此,第四纪“冰臼”成因说难以成立。
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