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地理学报  2013 

大城市郊区村域转型发展的资源环境效应与优化调控研究——以北京市顺义区北村为例

, PP. 825-838

Keywords: 村域转型发展,资源环境效应,机理,北京市,案例研究,大城市郊区

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Abstract:

村域是认识和改造中国农村的窗口,深入开展村域转型发展及其资源环境效应与优化调控研究对于可持续乡村建设具有现实意义。本文首先探讨了村域转型发展及其资源环境效应研究的理论位点,然后以京郊北村为例剖析了大城市郊区典型村域在“种、养、加、旅”四业协调发展过程中的资源环境效应及其优化调控的过程、特征与内在机理。案例研究发现①改革开放以来北村经历了缓慢发展、逐渐起步和转型升级3个阶段;②北村的转型发展过程中,资源环境效应存在阶段性差异,资源投入从低效率向高效率转变,环境污染从高污染向低污染转变,环境污染指数曲线具有倒“U”型特征;③优化调控过程可分解为问题呈现、观察评估、激发整合、功能赋予、联合行动和系统重构6个环节;④调控目标得以实现的内在机理在于,以干部、能人和合作组织为核心,成功激发了普通村民和驻村企业的内生需求,有效整合了各级政府、技术单位的外部力量,并以优化资源环境要素为共同目标,顺利构建了目标明确、功能明晰、技术可行、效益良好的行动者网络。新时期的乡村建设及资源环境效应调控应着力增强内发响应机制、优化外源干预机制,尤其要注重环保意识、发展能力、社会责任、科技支撑及管控机制的提增、完善和耦合。

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