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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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青藏高原高寒草地净初级生产力(NPP)时空分异
DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201309004, PP. 1197-1211
Keywords: 植被净初级生产力(NPP),CASA模型,变化趋势,变化格局,青藏高原
Abstract:
基于1982-2009年间的遥感数据和野外台站生态实测数据,利用遥感生产力模型(CASA模型)估算青藏高原高寒草地植被净初级生产力(NPP),分别从地带属性(自然地带、海拔高程、经纬度)、流域、行政区域(县级)等方面对其时空变化过程进行分析,阐述了1982年以来青藏高原高寒草地植被NPP的时空格局与变化特征。结果表明①青藏高原高寒草地NPP多年均值的空间分布表现为由东南向西北逐渐递减;1982-2009年间,青藏高原高寒草地的年均总NPP为177.2×1012gC·yr-1,单位面积年均植被NPP为120.8gC·m-2yr-1;②研究时段内,青藏高原高寒草地年均NPP在112.6~129.9gC·m-2yr-1间,呈波动上升的趋势,增幅为13.3%;NPP增加的草地占草地总面积的32.56%、减少的占5.55%;③青藏高原多数自然地带内的NPP呈增加趋势,仅阿里山地半荒漠、荒漠地带NPP呈轻微减低趋势,其中高寒灌丛草甸地带和草原地带的NPP增长幅度明显大于高寒荒漠地带;年均NPP增加面积比随着海拔升高呈现"升高—稳定—降低"的特点,而降低面积比则呈现"降低—稳定—升高"的特征;④各主要流域草地年均植被NPP均呈现增长趋势,其中黄河流域增长趋势显著且增幅最大。植被NPP和盖度及生长季时空变化显示,青藏高原高寒草地生态系统健康状况总体改善局部恶化。
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