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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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近10年中国大气PM10污染时空格局演变
DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201311006, PP. 1504-1512
Keywords: PM10,时空格局,可吸入颗粒物,空气质量,空间分异
Abstract:
为分析近10年来中国PM10污染时空格局演变，运用统计学和GIS方法对2002-2012年PM10监测数据进行分析，结果表明①地级及以上城市ρ（PM10）年均值由0.130mg·m-3下降至0.076mg·m-3，达标城市比例由37.6%上升至92.0%；环保重点城市ρ（PM10）日均值超标天数比例由24.7%下降至7.0%。②12月份PM10污染最重，其次为1月和11月；8月份污染最轻，其次为7月和9月。③PM10的重污染区域明显减小，由集中连片分布变为零星点状分布。但空间格局未发生明显变化，北方尤其是西北、华北地区及山东、江苏、湖北一直是PM10污染相对严重地区。④北方地区PM10污染重于南方地区，两者的差异主要发生在北方采暖期（1-4月及11-12月）。⑤PM10污染的改善主要体现在重污染城市的改善，1/10左右的重污染城市对降低全国PM10平均浓度的贡献约占1/3，而清洁城市PM10污染则有加重趋势。⑥环保重点城市污染天气以轻度污染为主，占全部污染天数的80.4%。受沙尘天气影响，3、4月份发生严重污染天气的比例较高。
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