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地理学报  2007 

北京住宅郊区化与就业空间错位

DOI: 10.11821/xb200704005, PP. 387-396

Keywords: 住宅郊区化,就业,空间错位,北京

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Abstract:

北京从20世纪80年代末开始出现郊区化,其住宅郊区化特点尤为突出。北京市住宅郊区化的驱动力与西方城市的郊区化相比既有相似之处又有明显差异,相似之处是都是城市化水平不断提高与社会进步的必然结果,以及土地有偿使用制度的实施和城市规划的引导;不同之处在于北京的住宅郊区化是一种被动的郊区化,居民本身并不想离开市区,但是旧城改造与市区内高昂的房价迫使居民不得不到郊区购房。随着住宅郊区化的大规模发展,北京也出现了居住与就业的空间错位问题,这种空间错位虽然与美国郊区化过程中空间错位有许多不同之处,但在本质上是一致的,都是出现居住与就业的空间分离,造成低收入阶层通勤的时间成本与经济成本增加,导致交通拥挤、社会隔离等社会问题。

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