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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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三峡水库运行下洞庭湖盆冲淤过程响应与水沙调控阈值
DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201403012, PP. 409-421
Keywords: 荆南三口,径流,洞庭湖盆,三峡水库,输沙量
Abstract:
以1951-2011年洞庭湖区及荆江段干流主要控制站实测径流输沙量资料为依据，分析三峡水库不同蓄水阶段及不同调度方式下洞庭湖盆冲/淤响应，并提出上游来水来沙调控阈值。结果表明①荆南三（四）口流量与枝城站流量、荆南三（四）口输沙率存在极显著正相关（p<0.0001），决定系数r2分别为0.859及0.895。②与三峡水库蓄水运用前（1999-2002）相比，一、二期蓄水阶段及全面试验性蓄水阶段（2008.10-2011.12）洞庭湖盆年均冲淤量由+4796.4×104t依次递减为+684.1×104t、+449.8×104t及-559.6×104t，湖盆冲淤率由+70.25%分别降至+31.13%、+23.56%及-42.64%。③预泄调度及蓄水调度期，湖盆泥沙均由以淤积为主转变为以冲刷为主，防洪补偿调度期湖盆泥沙表现为淤积，而在补水调度运用期则表现为冲刷。④洞庭湖盆处于冲/淤临界平衡状态时的荆南三口平均流量、输沙率及含沙量分别为970.81m3/s、466.82kg/s及0.481kg/m3。并认为，为增强湖泊调蓄功能，必须进一步优化三峡水库调度方式，合理调控下泄水沙量。
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