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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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19世纪末黑龙江省的耕地覆盖重建
DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201404002, PP. 448-458
Keywords: 黑龙江省,19,世纪末,垦殖倾向指数,耕地覆盖
Abstract:
揭示过去100年尺度上的土地利用/覆盖变化是认识人类活动对气候和环境影响的基础。本文在充分吸收既有成果的基础上，利用历史文献中的县（府、州、厅）级耕地面积记录，通过构建综合聚落、地形和水系信息的垦殖倾向指数模型，在1km×1km像元尺度上重建了黑龙江省19世纪末的耕地覆盖，并与基于卫星遥感反演的2009年的耕地覆盖进行了对比。结果表明，黑龙江省19世纪末的耕地总面积为25397.00km2，主要分布于中南部，其中在海伦市、巴彦县、五常市、呼兰区、双城市、望奎县有集中分布；2009年的耕地面积为163808.70km2，广布于西南部、中南部和东北部。20世纪期间，黑龙江省耕地面积增加了138411.70km2，与之对应，垦殖率由5.60%增加至36.20%，增幅为30.6%。这意味着，20世纪农业开垦改变了黑龙江省30.6%的自然地表性质，其中，大约60962.00km2（约占新增耕地的44.00%）来自对森林的开垦，这部分新增耕地主要出现在东北部和西部边缘地区。本文的重建结果为进一步研究20世纪农业垦殖的气候、生态和环境效应提供了高分辨率的基础数据。
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