OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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郧县盆地风成黄土—古土壤与汉江I级阶地形成年龄研究
DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201501005, PP. 63-72
Keywords: 汉江上游,河流阶地,OSL测年,风成黄土,气候变化
Abstract:
在对汉江上游河谷进行野外考察的基础上,就郧县盆地汉江I级阶地及其风成黄土-古土壤覆盖层沉积学和理化性质进行了研究,并且采用OSL方法进行了测年断代。获得了26个OSL年龄数据,证实厚层风成黄土L1底部的年龄在25kaBP,而剖面底部风成黄土–冲积砂层交互层(T1-al2)年龄范围在55-25kaBP之间。地层年龄说明I级阶地上黄土的堆积过程基本连续,汉江I级阶地的发展经历了早期新构造抬升与河流下切阶段(55-25kaBP)和晚期阶地面稳定接受沉积(25-0kaBP)两个阶段。距今55kaBP前后,新构造运动抬升和汉江下切作用加剧,河漫滩相沉积层开始脱离水面并接受风尘堆积物。这个过程持续到距今约25kaBP,期间河水不时地淹没阶地面,从而形成了风成黄土–冲积砂交互的沉积学特征。距今约25kaBP以来,河水不再淹没阶地,汉江I级阶地最终形成,阶地面开始接受连续的风尘堆积。在汉江下切作用加剧的同时,全球性末次冰期的发展也逐步进入冰盛期,风尘活动强烈,在阶地表面堆积形成了厚层黄土。汉江I级阶地形成以来,气候的变化使黄土覆盖层受到不同程度的风化成壤改造,形成了黄土–古土壤地层,其地层序列从下向上依次为河流相砂卵石层(T1-al1)→黄土-冲积砂互层(T1-al2)→马兰黄土(L1)→过渡黄土(Lt)→古土壤(S0)→近代黄土(L0)→表土(MS)。这个层序记录汉江上游流域自从25kaBP以来的气候变化经历末次冰期后东南季风逐渐加强、中全新世季风强盛、晚全新世季风衰退和气候变干的演变模式。
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